Pigmentation
Skin pigmentation is determined by the presence and distribution of melanin in the skin. Melanin is a pigment produced by melanocytes in the skin, and gives colour to our hair, skin and eyes. Irregularities in pigmentation can occur causing the skin to appear darker (hyperpigmentation) or lighter (hypopigmentation) as well as blotchy in appearance.
Causes of Hyperpigmentation
Age
Over time as the skin ages, cumulative sun exposure and other environmental factors contribute to the development of age spots.
Sun exposure
The production of melanin occurs as a defense mechanism to protect the skin from harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun. This leads to the formation of dark spots, freckles and overall uneven skin tone.
Hormonal changes
Hyperpigmentation can be triggered by hormonal fluctuations that occur in pregnancy, with the use of oral contraceptives and conditions like Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS).
Skin inflammation, trauma & irritants
Skin conditions such as acne and injuries such as cuts or burns can lead to post inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH). Exposure to certain irritants can also contribute.
Genetics
Certain ethnicities are more genetically predisposed to to hyperpigmentation than others
Medications
Certain medications like the oral contraceptive and some antibiotics can cause hyperpigmentation as a side effect.
Common Hyperpigmentation Disorders
Post Inflammatory Hyperpigmentation (PIH) – PIH is a common following injury or inflammation to darker skin, and can persist for months to years.
Melasma – Melasma is a common skin condition characterised by development of brown patches typically on the face. It is associated with sun exposure, hormonal changes and genetic predisposition.
Solar Lentigines – Commonly known as age spots that result from prolonged sun exposure. They typically occur on sun-exposed areas such as the face, hands, shoulders and arms.
Ephelides – Commonly known as freckles, result from increased sun exposure and are more prominent in individuals with fair skin.
Cafe-au-lait macules – These are flat light-dark brown skin spots that present at birth or during early childhood and can vary in size and appear anywhere on the body.
Naevi – Commonly known as moles that can be present at birth or develop later in life. The majority are benign, but some may change to develop into malignancy.
Treatment Options Available at Kaya cosmedica
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The first step to treating pigmentation is to schedule a consultation with the experienced team at Kaya Cosmedica in South Melbourne. Contact Kaya Cosmedica today to schedule your appointment now by clicking the “Book Online” button or calling 03 9329 9991